How to Fix a Leaking Window: Detailed and Simple Instructions

There is no feeling similar to discovering that one of your windows is leaky. It can send you into a state of panic as you worry about the potential damage and the costly repairs that will follow. Take a deep breath and relax! Leaky windows are common in many homes. As such, there are many known causes, including poor installation, worn seals, aged caulk, and weather-related damage.
So, what is the way forward? Well, the most important thing is to address the problem promptly. Timely repairs prevent further damage. You don’t want to deal with rotting or having your utility bills soar because of a drafty window that leaks air.

Identify the Source of the Leak

You don’t always have to see a puddle of water to know that you have a leak. Leaks can be sneaky, so you may need to work with tell-tale signs such as water stains, mold, draftiness, peeling paint, or even a musty smell.

To identify the source of the leak, conduct a thorough visual inspection of your leaking windows, both inside and outside. Look for any signs of water damage. This might be discoloration of the drywall, warping wood, or softness in the window frame, sill, or surrounding walls. Pay attention to any cracks or gaps in the caulking or weatherstripping, as these can allow water to seep through.

Here are some common areas where windows tend to leak:

• Windows leaking from damaged seals: This issue stems from degraded sealant, locking mechanisms, or poor installation techniques. Examine the casing of the leaking window, checking for any cracks or missing sealant. Additionally, ensure that the locks or cranking mechanisms work optimally.
• Water pooling in the tracks for sliding windows: The most common causes are clogged drainage holes or improper window fitting. Try to clear any debris from the tracks & drainage holes using a blower. With a spirit level, check that the window is properly aligned and seated in the frame.
• Water leaking from the siding: It points to issues with the flashing, house wrap, or fascia board tilt. Perform a visual inspection on the exterior, looking for gaps or damaged window molding, flashing, or trim.
• Moisture build-up between double-pane glass: A broken glass seal could allow moisture to seep in, which leads to condensation or fogginess.
• Water leaking from the bottom corner of the frame or where the glass meets the sill: The issue may arise from a damaged sill pan or wrong sill slope. The sill should be sloped slightly downward so that water drains away from the window, and it should be installed correctly and damage-free.

If you find it difficult to identify the source of the leak, conduct a water test. Have a helper spray the window with a hose from the outside while you observe from the inside.

The Role of Window Installation in Leaks

One of the biggest culprits behind leaky windows is improper installation. Some common installation errors include large gaps between the window frame and rough opening, misalignments, or inadequate sealing around the frame, leaving out flashing tape, and forgetting to flash the windows with the housewrap.

It’s therefore crucial to have windows professionally installed to ensure a tight seal and prevent water intrusion. But if your leaky windows are relatively new, it’s worth checking if they’re still covered by a workmanship warranty. If so, you can get the issue resolved without any out-of-pocket expenses.

Step-by-Step Repair Guide

While some leaky window repairs are best left to the pros, there are a few things you can tackle on your own. Just keep in mind that success can be a hit or miss, and in some cases, the window may need to be completely removed or the siding exposed for a sure fix.

Step 1: Clean and Prepare the Area

Clean the edge of the frame and remove any old caulk or weatherstripping. You can purchase a caulk removal tool or putty knife to scrape away the old material, then wipe the area with a damp cloth and allow it to dry completely.

Step 2: Apply New Caulk

Apply a bead of exterior-grade caulk around the window frame, filling any gaps or cracks. Smooth the caulk with your finger (after dipping it in warm soapy water) or with a caulking tool for a neat & even seal. Choose the most appropriate caulk for your window material, for instance, using silicone for vinyl windows. You can save time on paint touchup if the caulk is the same color as the frame.

Step 3: Install Weatherstripping

You may need to replace any damaged or worn strips for windows, provided they use weatherstripping (such as double-hung or sliding windows). Get the weatherstripping you need. Measure and cut to length. Press it into place along the window sash or frame.

How to Address Severe Leaks?

It’s important to realize when a leaky window is beyond a simple DIY fix. You will need professional intervention as severe water damage will compromise the structural integrity of the frame or the surrounding wall. A more extensive window leak repair may entail reinstalling the window, replacing damaged components, or getting a pocket replacement.

Preventive Maintenance Tips

Windows are constantly exposed to heat and heavy rain, house settling, and undergo general wear and tear with use. Exterior caulk can last up to 10 years, which highlights the need for regular maintenance to prevent window leaks. Here are some tips to keep your windows in top shape:

• Check seals and caulking annually: Perform an annual inspection of all caulking and weatherstripping around your windows.
• Clean window tracks and drainage holes: Regularly clean tracks and drainage holes with a soft brush or vacuum to remove dirt, debris, and even dead insects.
• Perform seasonal inspections: Before harsh weather sets in, take the time to thoroughly inspect your windows inside and out.
• Occasionally spray the window with water: Every few months, use a hose to spray your windows from the outside. It can spotlight any water leaks that may not be visible during dry weather.
• Lubricate moving parts: Keep moving parts, such as hinges or locking mechanisms, functional by applying a small amount of lubricant (silicone spray or white lithium grease).
• Trim nearby trees and shrubs: Trim back overhanging branches as they scratch and damage windows during high winds and also impede proper air circulation.
• Address any foundation or settling issues: If you notice gaps or unevenness in your windows due to house settling or foundation problems, have these issues addressed by a professional.

A little proactive care will save you from costly repairs down the line!

Common Mistakes to Avoid

When attempting a DIY repair, avoid these common pitfalls:

• Using the wrong type of caulk for your window material: Choose a caulk that is compatible with the frame material (e.g. latex for wood frames) and ensure that it’s approved for exterior use.
• Failing to check the manufacturer’s instructions for your specific window type and required sealant materials: Different windows and sealants may have specific applications or curing requirements.
• Neglecting to properly clean and prepare the surface: Old caulk, dirt, and debris will prevent the new sealant from adhering properly.
• Applying caulk or weatherstripping unevenly or in a way that interferes with window operation: Take your time to apply the sealant smoothly and evenly, and avoid applying too much.
• Ignoring the root cause of the leak and only addressing the symptoms: While new caulk or weatherstripping can stop the leak temporarily, it’s important to identify and fix the underlying problem.
• Attempting repairs on severely damaged or rotted windows: If the frame or sill is extensively damaged or soft to the touch, it’s best to engage a window replacement professional.

When to Consider Window Glass and Frame Replacement?

You may be overdue for an upgrade if you’re dealing with persistent leaks, visible damage, difficult operation, poor energy insulation, or glass discoloration in old windows. In these severe cases, replacing the glass or the entire window frame may be the best cost-effective solution. New windows will improve energy efficiency, enhance home security, and boost your overall comfort and value.
Note that building codes and regulations change regularly. Therefore, in regions prone to severe weather events like hurricanes, you may actually need to replace your current windows with newer products that meet specific impact-resistance standards.

Conclusion

Leaky windows can be a headache, but with the right approach and a bit of know-how, they don’t have to be a nightmare. You only need to pinpoint the source of the leak, make timely repairs, and implement a regular maintenance schedule.

If you’re ever uncertain about the best course of action or encounter a problem that’s beyond your skill level, don’t hesitate to call in a professional. A little expert help from Statewide Remodeling can go a long way in ensuring your windows are leak-free and ready to face intense downpours.